Vaporizer



1.565.452 Dec. 15, 1925 T. B. HOGG VAPORIZER Filed Nov. 2, 1923 2 Sheets-Shoot 1 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 T. B. HOGG V VAPORIZER Filed Nov. 2,- 1923 Patented Dec. 15, 1925.

UNITED "S T A T E S THEODORE I B. HOGG, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

VAPORIZER.

Application filed November To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE B. Hoes, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Fittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vaporizers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in Vaporizers, designed particularly for use in connection with internal combustion motors of the so-called Lhead type, that is, motors having both intake and exhaust valves on the same side, the vaporizer being constructed of few parts designed and c0- operating in a manner to permit for ready and convenient separation for cleaning purposes.

The vaporizer as a whole is designed to permit the combined or independent use of gasoline and a heavy hydrocarbon fuel, such as kerosene or the like, and is adapted in its entirety to be bodily substituted for the present exhaust and intake manifolds of the particular engine referred to and to be secured in place through instrumentalities forming a part of such engine construction.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the complete vaporizer, parts being broken out.

Figure 2 is. a side elevation of the same viewed from the inner side.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section on the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4C is a transverse section on the line 4-4 of Figure 2.

The improved vaporizer is made up of several parts, and as shown comprises a main casting or body 1, an exhaust or inner form of outer and intermediate concentric tube portions 7 and 8, which define "an exhaust gas space 9 between them as shown 2, 1925. serial No. 672,448.

more particularly in Figure 3. The outer tube portion? is formed at appropriate intervals with exhaust inlet openings 10, the tube portions having lateralsleeve extensions 11 defining said exhaust inlet openings and arrang-edto permit the connection of said sleeve extensions in the regular exhaust ports of the particular engine as with the usual exhaust manifold. The intermediate tube portion 8 of the integral castingor body united to the tube portions 7 by the usual casting webs .7. is formed with vapor outlet openings 12. and. these openings are defined by sleeve extensions 13 which passthrough the outertube portion .7 and provide for connection with the fuel inlet ports to the engine in a manner similar to the present connection ofthe fuel manifold to such engine. It is of course apparent that the exhaust inlets 10 communicate with the space or channel 9, while the vapor outlets 12 lead'from the space inwardly of the inner tube extension 8 of the body;

As is necessary from the arrangement of exhaustports and vapor ports of the particular engine referred to, thevapor outlet ports of the vaporizer, that is, their sleeve extensions 13, are preferably arranged in horizontal alignment with the exhaust inlet openings 10 to the vaporizer, that is, the sleeve extensions 11 of such openings, and the vapor outlet sleeve extensions 13 are positioned intermediate the end pairs of exhaust inlet sleeves 11. The main body further includes as an integral portion thereof, longitudinal webs 14: extending between each vapor outlet sleeve 13 and the adjacent exhaust'inlet sleeves 11, and these webs are formed with openings 15 to permit the passage therethro-ugh of the usual bolts now forming part of the particular type of engine referred to, and utilized as a meansfor securing theexhaust and inlet manifolds to the engine. By this arrangement, the vaporizer of this invention, after removal of the usual exhaust and inlet manifolds of the engine, may be bodily substituted for such manifolds by causing the respective vapor outlets and exhaust inlets to register with the corresponding ports of the engine and theopenings 15 of the webs 14 fitting :over the usual securing bolts, or bolts seated in the openings which receive the usual bolts now ,in use. On the application of nuts to such bolts between the web and adjacent portion of the outer tube. por

tion 7 of the body, the vaporizer of this invention is removably secured in place without requiring any additional parts whatever over those now found on the engine, and without necessitating any change whatever in such securing means or parts.

inwardly of the exhaust pipe extension 1 of the vaporizer, the thickened portion 6 is circumferentially enlarged at 16 and has a central threaded opening 17, which forms a continuation of the opening in the reduced extension The intermediate tube portion 8 has a diameter exceeding that of the enlargement 16, and at the opposite end, the intermediate tube portion 8 is thickened at 18 to define an interior bearing portion 19 which has a diameter corresponding to that of the circumferential enlargement 16 in the thickened portion 6. The inner tube section 2 is threaded at one end at 20 to cooperate with the threaded opening 17 in the enlargement 16 and is formed at the opposite end with a flange 21 to overlie the enlargement 18 of the intermediate tube portion 8 and form a seal at the juncture. This inner tube section 2 is therefore freely removable from the body portion as a whole, and when in place defines a space or channel 22 between such inner tube section and the intermediate tube portion 8, this space 22 being closed at the respective ends and providing a fuel space or vaporizing chainbcr, as will hereinafter appear. This fuel space or channel 22 is provided with a battle 23 which extends longitudinally of and is secured to or forms an integral part of the inner wall of the tube portion 8. The battle is arranged longitudinally of the inner tube section and its inner or free edge approximately contacts with the outer surface of the inner tube section 2 immediately below the vapor outlet opening 12 of the body portion, as plainly indicated in Figure 3.

The outer tube port-ion 7 of the casting is of slightly greater length than the inter- 1nediate tube portion 8, and said outer tube portion 7 is terminally provided with a lateral flange 2%- to permit of removably securing thereto the cover or dome section 3. The inner face of this dome section is formed with a central ap ix or point 25, from which the surface curves uniformly at 26 to and in coincidence with the inner surface of the outer tube portion 7. The apex of this face of the cover is in line with the axis of the exhaust tube section 2, from which it will be apparent that the exhaust gases passing longitudinally of the channel 9 will, by the curved surfaces 26, be directed centrally and longitudinally of the inner tube section 2.

Depending approximately centrally from the body portion 1. and cast with or bolted thereto, is a pipe section 2? formed at the lower end with the usual flange to permit of securing thereto a fuel supply of any preferred type adapted to contain the heavy hydrocarbon fuel, as kerosene or the like. This pipe section 2? opens through the intermec iate tube porticn 8 of the vaporizer, be ing located on one side of the batl'le 23 While the vapor outlets 12 are located on the opposite side of the baffle. Thus any fuel passing through the pipe section 27 is compelled to encircle or practically encircle the inner tube section 2in more or less contact with the intern'iediate tube section 8 of the body, before reaching the vapor outlets 12.

As previously stated, and as necessary for practical operation, the vaporizer is designed to permit the use of a starting fuel, such as gasoline or the like, and for this purpose, as a part of, if desired bolted to the body portion, there is provided a manifold section 29 arranged to one side. of and slightly below the center line of the outer tube portion 7 of the body 1, this manifold having a depending pipe section 30 provided with. a flange 31 for the connection thereto of a carbureter for delivering gasoline, or other light volatile fuel. The inanif ld 29 opens into the vapor outlet ions 13 of the vaporizer through sleeve crate openings 32, these openings being arranged in the sleeve portions 18 between the vapor utlet openings 12 and an engine not shown. Thus the gasoline is delivt ed to the proper engine ports without parsing through the vaporizer.

in use, it will be apparent that having started the engine by the use of gasoline, and then by any convenient method of con trol cut off the gasoline and admit the heavier hydrocarbon fuel through the pipe section 27, such hydrocarbon fuel properly mixed with air passes into the vaporizing chamber encircling the inner tube section 2 and being brought into contact with the wall of such section and the wall of the intermediate tube portion 8 of the body and the vapor produced is delivered through the outlets 12 to an engine. The exhaust gases from the engine meanwhile have been delivered through the respective outlets 1.0, and by reason of their delivery from a plulty of points are caused to encircle the intermediate tube portion 8, that is, circulate in the channel 9. These exhaust gases pass lengthwise this channel toward the curved surfaces 26 of the cover or demo 3 and are directed by such curved surfaces into and through the inner tube section 2 and to the exhaust pipe.

The fuel passage thus heated inner and outer sides, and this heat cient to vaporize the fuel prior to its through the outlets 12.

As an essential and important detail of the presen invention the. donstruction permitting re separation of the parts to provide for cleaning. As previously stated,

on the is suiii- ,assage lilU llii

lit

the'vaporizer as an entirety comprises "but few parts, and it will be readily apparentthat throughthe-removal ofathe cover or dome 3 and the unscrewing and removal oi the inner tube sectionQ, the-interior of the vaporizer is readily accessible for cleaning, and as this operation is performed at one end ofthe vaporizer,- it will bealso' apparent that for this cleaning'operation it is not absolutely necessary, though probably desirable, to remove the vaporizer as a whole from the engine. However, if such removal of the vaporizer is desired, it is simply necessary to disconnect the exhaust pipe, remove the nuts from the bolts passing through the openings 15, and withdraw the vaporizer.

The vaporizer of the invention is designed for use with a particular engine that is, of

the L-head type and is shown specifically constructed with that end in view although it is evident the construction may be so proportioned and additional ports provided as to adapt the improvement to engines having any number of cylinders. The oil fuel inlet 27 to the vaporizer is intermediate, that is, longitudinally spaced from the vapor outlets 12 from the vaporizer, and this arrangement in connection with the baffle 23 compels a longitudinal as well as a circular path for the fuel before reaching the outlets,

thereby increasing the heating effect of the walls of passage 22 on such fuel.

Claims:

1. A vaporizer, comprising an outer tube portion, an intermediate tube portion, and an inner tube portion, the space between the outer and intermediate tube portions defining an exhaust gas space, the space be tween the intermediate and inner tubeportions defining a'vaporizing space, and the space within the inner tube portion defining an exhaust gas space, a plurality of vapor outlet passages opening from the vaporizing space, and a cover removably secured to one end of the outer tube portion and formed with a plurality of curved surfaces to direct the exhaust gases from the exhaust gas space between the outer and intermediate tube portions to the exhaust gas space within the inner tube portion.

2. A vaporizer comprising a casting, including integrally connected outer and intermediate spaced tube portions, the outer tube portion being formed with a plurality of aligned exhaust inlets, the intermediate tube portion having a plurality of vapor outlets leading beyond the outer tube portion, webs connecting the exhaust gas inlets and vapor outlets and formed with bolt receiving openings for securing the vaporizer in place, a separate inner tube section adapted to be removably connected within the intermediate tube section, and a cover removably secured to the free end of the outer tube sec-' tion-and proi- 'iding a space beyond the end .o'ffthe inner tube in open continuation ofthe tion made up of three concentric tube .por-

tions, the innermost tube portion being in communication with the space between the outer and intermediate tube portions at one end of the vaporizer, exhaust gas inlet passages opening through the outer tube portion, vapor outlet passages opening into the vaporizing space between the intermediate and inner tube portions, a fuel inlet pipe opening into the vaporizing space between the inner and intermediate tube portions, and a baflie extending longitudinally between the innermost tube portion and the intermediate tube portion and cutting off direct communication between the fuel inlet pipe and the vapor outlet passages.

4. A vaporizer comprising a casting including an exhaust pipe connecting extension at one end, spaced concentric outer and intermediate tube portions extending from the extension and open at the opposite end, the outer tube portion being formed with spaced exhaust gas inlet passages, the inter mediate tube portion being formed with outer vapor passages closed against the exhaust gas space between the outer and intermediate tube, an inner tube arranged in the casting in spaced relation to the intermediate tube, one end of the inner tube being open to the exhaust pipe connecting extension and having threaded connection with the casting in line with such extension, the opposite end of the inner tube interfitting with the end of the intermediate tube to seal the space between the inner and intermediate tubes against the exhaust gases, and a dome secured to the outer tube portion and having curved surfaces on its inner side to direct the exhaust gases from the space between the outer and the intermediate tubes to the space within the inner tube. 1

5. A vaporizer comprising a body including intermediate and outer spaced tubular portions to form an exhaust passage open at one end and closed at the opposite end, a series of short lateral tubular exhaust portions extending from the outer tubular portion and communicating with the exhaust passage, a centrally disposed inner tube mounted within and spaced from the intermediate tubular body portion and in threaded engagement at one end therewith, the space between said inner tube and the intermediate tubular portion forming a vaporizing chamber, the inner tube having a flange at its free end to engage and form a seal at the end of the intermediate tubular body portion, a main fuel supply communicating with the vaporizing chamber, short lateral vapor outlet tubular portions extending through the outer and intermediate tubular portions of the body and communicating with the vaporizing chamber, a cover removably secured to one end of the outer tubular portion of the body and overlying and spaced from the flanged open end of the central inner tube, the cover 10 having a plurality of curved surfaces to direct the exhaust gases from the exhaust passage into the central inner tube, and a longitudinally disposed baflie interposed in the vaporizing chamber between the intermediate tubular portion of the body and the centrally disposed inner tube, said baffle being located between the vapor outlets and the main fuel inlet to the vaporizing chamber.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

THEODORE B. HOGG. [n 5. 

